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Baisakhi Formation
Click to display on map of the Ancient World at:
Baisakhi Fm base reconstruction

Baisakhi Fm

Period: 
Jurassic

Age Interval: 
constrained as late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)?


Province: 
NW.India Rajastan-Jaisalmer Basin

Type Locality and Naming

OUTCROP. Exposure at Odania and northwest of Thaiat village on Jaisalmer-Pokaran road. The complete section of Baisakhi Formation is not exposed at one locality. Therefore, Baisakhi Formation could be described from different type localities. The type localities are: west of Baisakhi village, scarp section around Ludharwa and scarp section west of Rupsi. Baisakhi Formation was mapped earlier as a part of “Jaisalmer Group”. Swaminath et al. (1959) were first to separate it from “Jaisalmer Group” as a distinct lithounit and designated as “Baisakhi Formation”. They placed its top below the basal grit of Bhadasar Formation. Subsequently, Narayanan et al. (1961) and Dasgupta (1975) gave the lithological account. [Original Publication: Swaminath, J., Krishnamurthy, J.G., Verma, K.K., and Chandak, G.J., 1959, General geology of Jaisalmer area, Rajasthan, ECAFE Symposium, Mineral Research and Development Series 10: 154-155]


Lithology and Thickness

Clayey sandstone. This formation comprises mainly an arenaceous sequence of medium to coarse-grained sandstone with interbeds of shale, claystone and occasional lignite. In the subsurface of Jaisalmer Basin it is about 600 m thick and its thick increases towards northwest. Dasgupta (1975) subdivided the formation into three members: Baisakhi Member, Ludharwa Member and Rupsi Member.

[Figure 1: Location map of West Rajasthan Basins (after Pandey and Dave, 1998)]

[Figure 2: Stratotype of Baisakhi Fm, Mesozoic Lithostratigraphy of the Jaisalmer Basin, Rajasthan, Journal of the Paleontological Society of India, Vol. 51(2) (after Singh N.P, 2006)]

[Figure 3: Generalized and Subsurface Stratigraphy of Jaisalmer Basin (from dghindia.gov.in)]


Lithology Pattern: 
Clayey sandstone


Relationships and Distribution

Lower contact

The lower boundary with underlying Bhuana Fm (Triassic) is unconformable; but is conformable to the Jaisalmer Fm (Oxfordian) where present.

Upper contact

The upper boundary to Bhadasar Fm is conformable, but difficult to distinguish (see that formation)

Regional extent

[Figure 4: Stratigraphic Correlation of Rajasthan Basins (from dghindia.gov.in)]


GeoJSON

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Fossils

In outcrops fossilized tree trunks were reported by Ritcher et al (1957). Later on Verma (1960) reported leaf impressions of Ptillophyllum.


Age 

Lukose (1972) reported palynomorphs which suggest an Early Jurassic (Liassic) to Bathonian age. [NOTE: This can not be reconciled with the fossil-derived ages of overlying (conformable) Bhadasar Fm (early Tithonian), or unconformity to underlying Jaisalmer Fm (Oxfordian); therefore it might be Kimmeridgian? – tentatively used here for graphic column.]

Age Span: 

    Beginning stage: 
Kimmeridgian

    Fraction up in beginning stage: 
0.0

    Beginning date (Ma): 
154.78

    Ending stage: 
Kimmeridgian

    Fraction up in the ending stage: 
1.0

    Ending date (Ma):  
149.24

Depositional setting

Fluvial-deltaic


Depositional pattern:  


Additional Information


Compiler:  

D.S.N Raju